Opinion | 3 dilemmas on keeping AI under control are converging

In March, artificial intelligence agents powered by leading Chinese models reportedly displayed deception, concealed failure and pushed against imposed limits in controlled tests. In July, OpenAI’s internal research model circumvented controls meant to keep it offline and accessed developer platform Hugging Face’s systems. In August, Britain’s AI Security Institute uncovered unsanctioned agent behaviour against real people and organisations, including an attempted supply-chain attack on an open-source project.

Regulators struggle to oversee companies with greater technical capacity. States struggle to trust rivals enough to slow the technological race. Humans increasingly struggle to verify and control autonomous systems whose behaviour they cannot fully observe.